Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 Assistant Professor of Demography, Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
2 MA of Demography, Department of demography, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
A major prerequisite to achieving gender equality is changing people's perceptions about women’s status in society. This study aimed to investigate changes in attitudes toward gender equality over the past two decades and across cohorts. To achieve this, data from 6701 people aged 15 years and older across three waves of the World Values Survey spanning from 2000 to 2020 were analyzed using secondary analysis techniques. The results revealed that attitudes have generally improved over time, but this improvement is limited to politics and education, and the attitude towards gender equality in employment has remained unchanged. The Iranian male breadwinner family model, in which men's occupation is necessary for the family's survival, could be its reason. Generational differences in attitudes are more obvious. Younger cohorts scored higher in all indicators. Having tertiary education, secularism and post-materialist values influence people's attitudes positively, whereas disbelief and traditional family values have a negative impact. Understanding the importance of women's presence in politics and employment at both the micro and macro levels is necessary for gender equality. As a result, the government's role is crucial because it must facilitate the presence of women in high-level political and managerial positions and create the right conditions for women to enter the labor market.
Keywords
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