Document Type : Review article
Authors
1
PhD Student of Economic and Development Sociology, Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
2
Associate Professor, Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
3
Assistant Professor, Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Over two centuries from the introduction of bureaucracy in the modern world, it appears that this concept is represented not only by statesmen but also by scholars and experts across diverse scientific fields. In Iran, bureaucracy has managed to gain a distinct position in academic research over the past two decades. Accordingly, the present study, aimed at exploring and evaluating Persian studies on bureaucracy, employs a systematic review to explore 30 Iranian articles on this subject published over the past two decades (2006–2021). The findings reveal the multidimensional nature of bureaucracy and methodological diversity, reflecting the structural and functional complexities of the Iranian administrative system. Four key dimensions—structural and procedural, cultural and social, economic and political, and analytical and historical—were identified, each explaining a distinct aspect of bureaucracy. Results also suggest that bureaucracy in Iran, rather than a fixed institutional structure, is shaped by managerial interactions, employees’ behaviors, and sociopolitical transformations. Institutional, organizational, economic, and technological factors also play a prominent role in shaping administrative developments. Furthermore, the review exhibits that a large portion of the studies critically address existing inefficiencies and underscore the necessity of institutional reforms and enhanced administrative transparency. Finally, this research highlights the need to move beyond traditional approaches and employs empirical and field-based studies to reform bureaucratic structures and improve the efficiency of the administrative system. Policymakers can gain more profound insights into the dimensions of bureaucracy and formulate more flexible and effective executive models. Further, by integrating theoretical knowledge with empirical evidence, they can create new pathways for improving governance quality, administrative accountability, and public trust.
Keywords